Galtung described, in very simple language, different types of violence: direct, structural and cultural. According to this model, violence can be an event, a process or an invariant (a permanent way). He also spent some time describing how culture can give rise to violence. While I don't fully understand the logic behind some of this examples, he used six cultural tools to describe how violence can be integrated into society:
1)religion- chosen v. unchosen, men superior to women
2)ideology- nationalism, self v. others
3)language- possibly sexism, in that humankind is often referred to as mankind, leaving no room for women
4)art- social/cultural stereotypes continued by art (?)
5)empirical science- comparative advantage favors European and developed nations, and is designed to benefit them (?)
6)formal science- mathematics has right and wrong answers, and is too black/white, yes/no-- I really didn't understand how this one promotes violence
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